EU Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD)

Published on 01.12.2025

Dr. Anna Braune (DGNB) in conversation with Prof. Dr. Martin Pehnt (ifeu) about the updated EU Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD) and its far-reaching implications for construction, renovation and heating in Europe.

EPBD: New standards for the building sector

The building sector is one of the largest consumers of energy and emitters of CO₂.

All sources that release carbon dioxide (CO₂) into the air, such as cars, factories, heating systems and power plants, are considered CO₂ emitters.

The EPBD sets new standards in this area and defines clear rules for a climate-neutral future.

In this video, the new features of the directive are explained in detail, how they are implemented and what opportunities they offer.

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The EPBD ensures that new buildings have almost no CO₂ emissions, old houses are modernised and more renewable energies are used.

Zero emission buildings from 2030 onwards

A key issue is the requirement for new buildings: from 2030 onwards, all newly constructed buildings must be virtually emission-free, so-called ‘zero emission buildings’. The video shows in a practical way which technologies, building standards and renewable energies are required for this and how planners and builders can realistically implement these requirements.

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Zero emission buildings are houses that do not emit CO₂ or other harmful gases in everyday use. They use clean energy, save electricity and heat, and are good for the climate.

Renovation of existing buildings

Meanwhile, attention is also being paid to existing buildings: what renovations are needed, what measures are eligible for funding, and how much leeway is there? The differences between mandatory rules and voluntary recommendations are clearly explained.

Municipal heat planning and renewable energies

The video also covers municipal heat planning and the role of renewable energies in the heat transition. It highlights how different stakeholders, from local authorities and energy suppliers to property owners and tenants, need to work together to achieve climate targets.

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Municipal heating planning shows how a city can heat and cool its buildings in an environmentally friendly way. It plans the use of clean energy and ensures that heating systems are efficient and affordable. This enables cities to save energy, money and CO₂.

Practical implications for everyday life

The practical implications of the EPBD for everyday life are another key focus: energy efficiency, heating systems, funding opportunities and long-term savings potential for property owners.

Key insights

  • The EPBD sets clear standards for zero-emission new buildings and mandatory renovations.

  • The heating transition is a joint project in which renewable energies and municipal planning play a central role.

  • Owners, planners and interested parties receive specific guidance on which measures are sensible and necessary.

  • Those who understand the directive can save energy in the long term, reduce costs and actively contribute to climate protection.

Conclusion: A clear roadmap for the future

The conversation between Dr. Anna Braune and Prof. Dr. Martin Pehnt provides in-depth knowledge and practical insights into the EPBD and its implementation. It makes it clear that the directive should not be seen as a bureaucratic burden, but as a clear roadmap for a sustainable and climate-friendly future in the building sector. Furthermore, it provides clarity about the new rules, but also concrete approaches on how you can actively contribute to the heat transition yourself.

This knowledge was donated by:

Prof. Dr. Martin Pehnt
Martin Pehnt is an energy scientist and Scientific and Managing Director of ifeu. He studied physics, philosophy, energy technology and management in Tübingen, Boulder (USA), Berlin and Stuttgart, and previously conducted research at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory and the German Aerospace Centre. Pehnt works on renewable energies, energy conservation and their technical, systems analysis and energy policy integration. His research is complemented by scientific policy advice for national and international institutions, companies and associations. His work focuses on areas such as modelling innovative energy technologies and developing policy instruments for the energy transition. Over the past ten years, he has focused on the heat and building transition. He has developed new consulting approaches for renovations (e.g. the individual renovation roadmap), planning and funding instruments for a climate-friendly and socially acceptable heat transition, and new heat supply solutions. He also closely monitors the implementation of European directives. Pehnt is an honorary professor at the University of Kassel and a member of numerous advisory boards, including the Baden-Württemberg Climate Expert Council and the Hamburg Climate Advisory Board.

www.ifeu.de/en/staff/detail/martin-pehnt